In 1988, she received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine along with Sir James Black, a British coworker. 21 lutego 1999 w Chapel Hill w stanie Karolina Północna) – amerykańska lekarka farmakolog.Laureatka Nagrody Nobla z dziedziny fizjologii lub medycyny w roku 1988 za osiągnięcia naukowe, które doprowadziły do powstania nowych leków przeciwnowotworowych.. W 1941 uzyskała master's degree na New York University. Ida B. Fortunately, my mother was in the hospital rather than at home at the time. Susan B. Anthony was a suffragist, abolitionist, author and speaker who was the president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Litauen. Micro contenidos informativo sobre natalicios de personalidades mundiales y nacionales. Beyond the individual drugs she discovered, she pioneered a new, more scientific approach to drug development that forever altered – and accelerated – medical research. Background. She found part-time jobs as a lab assistant and went back to school at New York University. ​ Descubrió tratamientos para la leucemia, la malaria e infecciones urinarias. Cohen, geboren. In all, Elion developed 45 patents in medicine and was awarded 23 honorary degrees. ELION, GERTRUDE BELLE (b.New York, New York, 23 January 1918;. In 1944 Elion joined the Burroughs Wellcome Laboratories (later part of Glaxo Wellcome; today known as GlaxoSmithKline). Elion shared the Nobel Prize with American chemist George Herbert Hitchings, Jr., and British pharmacologist James Black. New York City, B.S. Gertrude Bell volvió brevemente a Gran Bretaña en 1925, se encontró frente a problemas familiares, y cayó enferma. 3. Dr Gertrude Elion Wellcome L0034255.jpg 3,136 × 3,800; 6.01 MB We strive for accuracy and fairness. Gertrude Bell, née le 14 juillet 1868 à Washington au Royaume-Uni et morte dans la nuit du 12 juillet 1926 à Bagdad, est une archéologue, exploratrice, écrivaine, femme politique, espionne et diplomate britannique. Their success was due primarily to their innovative research methods, which marked a radical departure from the trial-and-error approach taken by previous pharmacologists. She graduated from Hunter College in New York City with a degree in biochemistry in 1937. [3] Sie schloss ihr Bachelor-Studium am Hunter College 1937 (als einzige Frau an der New Yorker Universit… What causes the blood disease thalassemia? http://www.impo.com.uy/ [2] Als sie fünfzehn Jahre alt war, 1933, starb ihr Großvater an Krebs, woraufhin sie beschloss, Chemie zu studieren, um an einer Heilung für Krebs zu forschen. Gertrude Belle Elion (January 23, 1918 – February 21, 1999) was an American biochemist and pharmacologist, and a 1988 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Hunter College, 1937. Gertrude "Trudy" Belle Elion (January 23, 1918 - February 21, 1999) was an American biochemist and pharmacologist, who… en.wikipedia.org. Gertrude Belle Elion >born in New York City to Bertha (Cohen) and Robert Elion, on January 23. Gertrude Belle Elion ist die Pionierin der Chemotherapie bei zellverändernden Krankheiten, vor allem Krebs. Fue galardonada con el Premio Nobel de Fisiología y Medicina de 1988 por el desarrollo de medicamentos contra el cáncer y otras enfermedades, y que además fueron los precursores para la síntesis de otros nuevos. Elion and Hitchings set out on an unorthodox course of creating medicines by studying the chemical composition of diseased cells. Unable to obtain a graduate research position because she was a woman, she found work as a lab assistant at the New York Hospital School of Nursing (1937), an assistant organic chemist at the Denver Chemical Manufacturing Company (1938–39), a chemistry and physics teacher in New York City high schools (1940–42), and a research chemist at Johnson & Johnson (1943–44). Cardi B is a Grammy-nominated American rapper, social media personality and former reality star whose commercial debut single "Bodak Yellow" surged to the top of the music charts in 2017. Gertrude Elion officially retired in 1983, but she remained active, holding the titles of scientist emeritus and consultant at her old company. — Gertrude B. Elion. Gertrude Belle Elion (Nova Iorque, 23 de janeiro de 1918 — Chapel Hill, 21 de fevereiro de 1999) foi uma bioquímica estadunidense. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Unable to obtain a graduate research position because she was a woman, she took a series of jobs, including lab assistant, chemistry and physics teacher in New York City high schools, and research chemist. Januar 1918 geboren . Media in category "Gertrude Elion" The following 15 files are in this category, out of 15 total. Elion was born on January 23, 1918, in New York City, to Lithuanian immigrant dentist Robert and Bertha (Cohen) Elion. With the drugs that she created, Gertrude Elion fulfilled her life’s mission: to alleviate human suffering. One of the nation’s most distinguished research scientists, Gertrude Elion’s Nobel Prize in 1988 capped a career devoted to research to combat some of the world’s most dangerous diseases. Gertrude Belle Elion (New York, 1918ko urtarrilaren 23a - Chapel Hill, Ipar Carolina, 1999ko otsailaren 21) estatubatuar biokimikari eta farmakologoa izan zen, 1988an Medikuntzako Nobel Saria jaso zuena, George H. Hitchings eta James Blackekin batera. The start of World War II created more opportunities for women in industry. Gertrude Belle Elion . Cuando se recupera de ella, conoce la muerte de su hermano, de tifoidea. She won a Nobel Prize for medicine in 1988. Gertrude Belle Elion (January 23, 1918 – February 21, 1999) was an American biochemist and pharmacologist. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Fecha de nacimiento: 23. She completed her graduation from Hunter College, City University of New York with a B.A. Volvió a Irak, pero sufre una pleuresía. © 2021 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. 4. She attended high school and excelled with, in her words, an "insatiable thirst for knowledge.". 2. She graduated from Hunter College in New York City with a degree in biochemistry in 1937. When her brother was born, the family moved to the Bronx. The two researchers’ new emphasis on understanding basic biochemical and physiological processes enabled them to eliminate much guesswork and wasted effort typical previously in developing new therapeutic drugs. 1937. Gertrude Belle Elion war eine US-amerikanische Biochemikerin, Pharmakologin und Pionierin der Chemotherapie, die mit ihren Untersuchungen des Stoffwechsels von kranken und gesunden Gewebezellen die medikamentöse Behandlung zahlreicher Krankheiten wie Leukämie ermöglichte und den Medizin-Nobelpreis 1988 erhielt. Take advantage of our Presidents' Day bonus! 2n premi Mortal Kombat 4rt E Sergio Torres , Roger Beardo, Gemma Suriñach , Emma Solé i Marina Salguero . Schon als Kind war sie wißbegierig: „Ich wollte alles lernen, alles, was ich sah. Writer, lawyer and diplomat, Caroline Kennedy is the only surviving child of John F. Kennedy and Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. She also served as an adviser for the World Health Organization and the American Association for Cancer Research. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). During this time she also took classes at New York University (M.S., 1941). Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, CBE (14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926) was an English writer, traveller, political officer, administrator, and archaeologist who explored, mapped, and became highly influential to British imperial policy-making due to her knowledge and contacts, built up through extensive travels in Syria-Palestine, Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, and Arabia. She graduated from Hunter College in New York City with a degree in biochemistry in 1937. Gertrude Belle Elion was born on Jan. 23, 1918, in New York City. Gertrude Belle Elion was born on Jan. 23, 1918, in New York City. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Who discovered the major blood groups? Gertrude Belle Elion Elion completed her masters degree in 1941, but it wasn’t until 1944 that she would be hired as a research chemist by Johnson & Johnson. American psychologist B.F. Skinner is best known for developing the theory of behaviorism, and for his utopian novel 'Walden Two.'. Wells was an African American journalist and activist who led an anti-lynching crusade in the United States in the 1890s. Ihre Eltern emigrierten im Kindesalter aus Polen bzw. Elion, working predominantly with George Hitchings, created drugs to combat leukemia, gout, malaria, herpes and autoimmune disorders. Gertrude Belle Elion. My father emigrated from Lithuania to the United States at the age of 12. Gertrude Belle Elion was born on Jan. 23, 1918, in New York City. Gertrude Belle Elion fue una bioquímica y farmacóloga estadounidense, que recibió en 1988 el Premio Nobel de Fisiología y Medicina por sus «descubrimientos de los principios clave sobre el desarrollo y el tratamiento de medicamentos». In 1988, Elion received the Nobel Prize in Medicine, together with George Hitchings and Sir James Black. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Elion admitted that her work was her life, but she also enjoyed photography and travel, both products of her curiosity about life. Febrero 1999. Applies to 15 graduate schools but, because of gender discrimination, is turned down by all for graduate assistantships . Elion, Gertrude Belle (1918-1999) was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1988 for the development of the antiviral drug acyclovir for the treatment of cancer. Gertrude Elion was born in New York City on January 23, 1918 to immigrant parents from Eastern Europe. Elion was born in New York. Grandfather dies painfully of stomach cancer, inspiring Elion to pursue a career in science. Gertrude Belle Elion (Nueva York, 1918 - Chapel Hill, 1999) Bioquímica y farmacóloga estadounidense. Gertrude (“Trudy”) Belle Elion’s greatest legacy is the thousands of lives touched by the drugs she and her associates developed for the treatment of leukemia, gout, rejection of transplanted organs, and herpes, among other disorders. Omissions? Gertrude B. Elion, in full Gertrude Belle Elion, (born Jan. 23, 1918, New York, N.Y., U.S.—died Feb. 21, 1999, Chapel Hill, N.C.), American pharmacologist who, along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for their development of drugs used to treat several major diseases. Lyndon B. Johnson was elected vice president of the United States in 1960 and became the 36th president in 1963, following the assassination of John F. Kennedy. Graduates summa cum laude from Hunter College, in New York. d.Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 21 February 1999),pharmacology, antimetabolites, immunosuppressors, anticancer drugs, antiviral drugs. Born to immigrant parents in New York City, Gertrude Elion spent her early youth in Manhattan, where her father had a dental practice. The … Student: Carmen Terrón Iglesias Teacher: Irene Sánchez Carrón Year: 2nd ESO (2016-17) School: IES Norba Caesarina in Cáceres. 1938. Motivated by the death of her grandfather, who died of cancer, Elion entered Hunter College, in New York City, at age 15 and graduated summa cum laude in chemistry at age 19. Gertrude Belle Elion. Rather than relying on trial-and-error methods, they used the differences in biochemistry between normal human cells and pathogens (disease-causing agents) to design drugs that would block viral infections. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! American biochemist and pharmacologist Gertrude B. Elion helped develop drugs to treat leukemia and prevent kidney transplant rejection. Rutherford B. Hayes was the 19th president of the United States and oversaw the end of the rebuilding efforts of the Reconstruction. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Gertrude B. Elion Worksheets This is a fantastic bundle which includes everything you need to know about Gertrude B. Elion across 23 in-depth pages. Her father had immigrated from Lithuania, her mother from Russian-ruled Poland, while both were barely in their teens. La fortuna de su familia había declinado. Later that year, Elion was offered another position working with nucleic acids alongside Hitchings at Burroughs Wellcome Company. Elion and her team developed drugs to combat leukemia, herpes and AIDS. Though Elion officially retired in 1983, she helped oversee the development of azidothymidine (AZT), the first drug used in the treatment of AIDS. Gertrude B. Elion, in full Gertrude Belle Elion, (born Jan. 23, 1918, New York, N.Y., U.S.—died Feb. 21, 1999, Chapel Hill, N.C.), American pharmacologist who, along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for their development of drugs used to treat several major diseases. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gertrude-B-Elion, Jewish Women's Archive - Biography of Gertrude Elion, Nobelprize.org - Biography of Gertrude B. Elion, Gertrude B. Elion - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). [1] Frases Gertrude Belle Elion. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Updates? Unable to devote herself to full-time studies, Elion never received a Ph.D. They then used this information to formulate drugs that could kill or inhibit the reproduction of a particular pathogen, leaving the human host’s normal cells undamaged. Working alone as well as with George H. Hitchings, Elion developed a multitude of new drugs, using innovative research methods that would later lead to the development of the AIDS drug AZT. Gertrude B. Elion Biographical I was born in New York City on a cold January night when the water pipes in our apartment froze and burst. Science quotes on: | Develop (268) | Drug (57) | Medicine (378) | Nobel Prize (40) | Reward (68) | Themselves (433) See also: 23 Jan - short biography, births, deaths and events on date of Elion's birth. She and her younger brother grew up in the Bronx in New York where they enjoyed playing in the large parks and visiting Bronx Zoo. 1933. He later commanded the Apollo 14 flight. Gertrude Belle Elion (ur.23 stycznia 1918 w Nowym Jorku, zm. Though she never married, she enjoyed being the "favorite aunt" to her brother's children. She won a Nobel Prize for medicine in 1988. Mr. Elion became a dentist, and for her first seven years young Gertrude lived with her parents in a small apartment adjoining her father’s dental office. Elion wanted to pursue a job in science. Gertrude Belle Elion (Nueva York, 23 de enero de 1918-Chapel Hill, Carolina del Norte, 21 de febrero de 1999) fue una bioquímica y farmacóloga estadounidense, que recibió en 1988 el Premio Nobel de Fisiología y Medicina por sus «descubrimientos de los principios clave sobre el desarrollo y el tratamiento de medicamentos». She also enjoyed opera, ballet and theater. Test what you know about medical science by taking this quiz. Corrections? Unable to obtain a graduate research position because she was a woman, she took a series of jobs, including lab assistant, chemistry and physics teacher in New York City high schools, and research chemist. There she was first the assistant and then the colleague of Hitchings, with whom she worked for the next four decades. They also discovered treatments to reduce the body's rejection of foreign tissue in kidney transplants between unrelated donors. https://www.biography.com/scientist/gertrude-b-elion. Enero 1918 Fecha de muerte: 21. Her thirst for knowledge impressed Dr. Hitchings, and he permitted her to take on more responsibility. Born in New York in 1918, scientist Gertrude B. Elion had an impressive career, during which she helped develop drugs to treat many major diseases, including malaria and AIDS. Gertrude B. Elion wurde am 23. Quoted in the New York Times (18 Oct 1988). Unable to find research work (largely because she was a woman), she taught high school chemistry before joining Burroughs Wellcome Laboratories in 1944. El 12 de julio de 1926 la descubren muerta en su casa de Bagdad, aparentemente de una sobredosis de somníferos. Gertrude Belle Elion was born in New York City. degree in chemistry in 1937. American biochemist and pharmacologist Gertrude B. Elion helped develop drugs to treat leukemia and prevent kidney transplant rejection. Gertrude Elion wurde als Tochter des Zahnarztes Robert Elion und seiner Frau Bertha, geb. Trudy assumed the status of scientist emeritus and remained active in her field for the next 16 … She had difficulty finding employment after graduation, because many laboratories refused to hire women chemists. White was the author of 'Charlotte's Web' and 'Stuart Little,' contributor to 'The New Yorker' and co-author of 'The Elements of Style.'. Elion worked as a substitute high school teacher for a few years while finishing work on her master's degree, which she earned in 1941. Elion, Gertrude Belle ĕl´ēən , 1918–99, American pharmacologist, b. Writer E.B. Elion and Hitchings pointedly examined the difference between the biochemistry of normal human cells and those of cancer cells, bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens (disease-causing agents). Unable to obtain a graduate research position because she was a woman, she took a series of jobs, including lab assistant, chemistry and physics teacher in New York City high schools, and research chemist. Elion was able to obtain a few quality-control jobs in food and consumer-product companies before being hired at Burroughs-Wellcome (now GlaxoSmithKline) in 1944, where she began a 40-year partnership with Dr. George H. Hitchings. Though she never obtained a doctorate degree, she was later awarded an honorary Ph.D. from Polytechnic University of New York and an honorary Doctor of Science degree from Harvard University. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Elion was the daughter of immigrants. She graduated from Hunter College in New York City with a degree in biochemistry in 1937. She won a Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1988. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. She received other awards for her work, including the National Medal of Science in 1991, and that same year, she became the first woman to be inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. Elion and Hitchings developed an array of new drugs that were effective against leukemia, autoimmune disorders, urinary-tract infections, gout, malaria, and viral herpes. In 1997, she was granted the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award. In 1991 she was awarded a National Medal of Science and was inducted into the National Women’s Hall of Fame. Alan Shepard became one of the original seven Mercury program astronauts in 1959. Gertrude Elion died on February 21, 1999, in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

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